Long Trinh, Ed.M. · Harvard Graduate School of Education

Most high schools ask students for service hours, the IB requires them, and nearly every college application has a place to list them. The hours get recorded. What rarely gets recorded is whether anything changed, for the student or for the organization. The students know an admissions reader is watching, so they perform. The organizations know the student is leaving in two weeks, so they don't invest. I want to know what has to change in how a project is designed, who designs it, and what gets recorded along the way, so that both sides get something out of it, and so that a school can tell the difference.

Where the question comes from

I went to Saigon South International School, an IB school in Ho Chi Minh City. Junior year, for my service hours, I spent Saturdays teaching English at orphanages around the city. I had no curriculum, no continuity, no way to measure whether any of it stuck. By the end of the year, I knew the answer: it hadn't.

Senior year, I tried something else. A few classmates and I started a club called Bliss 4 Youth that worked with the children of our school's local staff. We met weekly and built a real curriculum. We did not measure what happened the way I would now, but every one of those children left writing and speaking better English than when we started, and the difference was plain to anyone who had been in the room.

When I went back to that question years later, every organization I spoke with that hosts student volunteers, around twenty of them, described the same pattern: placements of a week or two, students who come and go, no continuity, and nothing either side could point to afterward. More than one said they had never been satisfied with the quality of these programs and would share whatever they had if someone was willing to redesign them.

What I'm proposing

Four moves that try to answer the question

01

Discover

A student begins with a structured conversation that maps what they already care about, what they can do, and where they want to grow, against three strands of deeper learning: mastery, identity, and creativity.

02

Match

The student is paired with an organization whose day-to-day work overlaps with those goals. The pairing comes from a conversation about fit on both sides, not from a list.

03

Co-design

The student and the organization sit down together and scope one project with real stakes. The co-design process makes the tension visible between what the student wants to learn and what the organization needs done, and turns that conversation into a brief both sides commit to. My role is to facilitate the conversation, not to run the project.

04

Document

Weekly reflections, partner feedback, and competency tracking across the three strands turn the work into evidence that the student, the school, and the organization can each use. This is the part of the method I most want to test.

What I've tried so far
  • 01A clickable prototype of the co-design conversation, built with sample data to work out what the questions should be and what both sides need to put on the table before a project is scoped. It has been through three versions. The first was a matching tool, and a teaching fellow pointed out that matching is logistics and the learning, if there is any, happens when the two sides negotiate what the work will be, so I rebuilt it around that conversation. A thirteen year old I interviewed told me that ordinary service tasks felt like a waste of time, which is why the planning now happens before any service starts.
  • 02A set of reflection and competency-tracking protocols developed during my master's at Harvard, covering discovery, co-design briefs, weekly reflection, partner feedback, and a final narrative.
  • 03Conversations with organizations that host student volunteers, which confirmed the pattern above and produced offers of case data and placement access for future study.
  • 04No student has gone through the full cycle yet. Finding out what happens when one does takes a comparison with the normal way of doing service hours, measures I did not design myself, and the freedom to publish a result that goes against my own design, which is why I want to do it inside a research program.
What I don't know yet

Three questions I can't answer from a prototype

Evidence without performance. How do you capture what a student actually learned when the act of documenting it can itself become one more thing done for an audience?
Value to the organization. How do you tell whether a nonprofit got real work from a student, rather than an extra body to supervise, and who gets to judge that?
Learning when the student came to check a box. If a student shows up because a requirement or an application demands it, what about the design of the project, if anything, makes real learning possible anyway?
How I would find out

What it would take to answer them

Two or three rounds of design and revision in Bay Area high schools, comparing placements where the student plans the work with the organization against conventional placements, and looking at three things: how students describe their ownership of the work, in interviews and in the record itself; whether counselors and admissions readers find the records credible and comparable when they rate them without knowing which kind of placement produced them; and whether the organizations say the work was useful to them, which has been the rule from the start, that no placement counts as a success unless the partner says so. The tracking protocols I built have never been checked against anything, so I would use them alongside established measures of youth purpose and agency. Running the study in an independent school and a large public district would show whether the method depends on resources a school already has, and I work in East San Jose public schools now, so the second kind of site is one I already see from the inside.

The organizations' side

Organizations that host students are co-researchers in this work, not placement sites. Each project is scoped around something they need done, and their account of whether the work mattered is part of the evidence. I am not naming the organizations I have spoken with until they have agreed to be named.